對于機床控制電路來說，元器件是基本組成部分，對隔離電源、保護機械設備、自動控制接通和斷開等發揮作用。連鑄機電氣自動化控制系統的元器件 ，主要包括如下部分。

     1 斷路器

     斷(duan)路器(qi)(qi)主要(yao)包括脫扣器(qi)(qi)、滅(mie)弧(hu)系統和觸頭，可對(dui)自(zi)動切斷(duan)線(xian)路故(gu)障進行(xing)保護。在選(xuan)擇斷(duan)路器(qi)(qi)時(shi)，應(ying)確(que)保其額定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、額定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流等略(lve)高于(yu)線(xian)路的(de)正常工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓與工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)流；同時(shi)，斷(duan)路器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)過(guo)載脫扣器(qi)(qi)的(de)整定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，應(ying)該保持和電(dian)(dian)(dian)動機負載電(dian)(dian)(dian)流、額定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)一致性(xing)。

     2 行程(cheng)開(kai)關

     行(xing)程開(kai)關(guan)(guan)的(de)作業主要通過生(sheng)產機(ji)械(xie)的(de)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)之(zhi)間相互(hu)碰撞 ，促使(shi)(shi)觸頭發生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)作并執行(xing)相關(guan)(guan)指令。同時(shi)(shi)，行(xing)程開(kai)關(guan)(guan)可(ke)以將(jiang)機(ji)械(xie)位移動(dong)(dong)作轉(zhuan)化為電(dian)信號(hao)，實現電(dian)路的(de)切換過程，保(bao)證(zheng)機(ji)械(xie)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)的(de)方向(xiang)、大小等。在選(xuan)擇行(xing)程開(kai)關(guan)(guan)時(shi)(shi)，主要在機(ji)械(xie)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)的(de)極限行(xing)程較小、壓力(li)較小的(de)情(qing)況下使(shi)(shi)用，如果(guo)需要精確控制機(ji)械(xie)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)部(bu)件(jian)(jian) ，則可(ke)使(shi)(shi)用接近開(kai)關(guan)(guan)。

     3 熔斷(duan)器

     如果電路(lu)發生短(duan)(duan)路(lu)現(xian)象，可(ke)利(li)用熔(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)中的短(duan)(duan)路(lu)電流(liu)熱量(liang)而實(shi)現(xian)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)點值(zhi)，當熔(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)化之后(hou)，就可(ke)以自(zi)動將電路(lu)切斷，以此保護短(duan)(duan)路(lu)故障。如果熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷器應(ying)用于阻性負載狀態下的短(duan)(duan)路(lu)保護，則(ze)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)的額定電路(lu)應(ying)略大于負載額定電流(liu)。

     4 接(jie)觸器

     接(jie)觸(chu)器主要通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)磁力的(de)(de)(de)作用而運行。利用主觸(chu)頭(tou)的(de)(de)(de)閉合、分斷(duan)等過程 ，完成接(jie)通(tong)及分斷(duan)過程。當前，以交流接(jie)觸(chu)器在電(dian)(dian)氣自動化系統中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)應用最為(wei)廣(guang)泛(fan)，應確保(bao)接(jie)觸(chu)器的(de)(de)(de)額(e)(e)定(ding)電(dian)(dian)流和額(e)(e)定(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)大于(yu)被控電(dian)(dian)路(lu)，其觸(chu)頭(tou)的(de)(de)(de)種類(lei)及數(shu)量，與(yu)被控主電(dian)(dian)路(lu)及所控制電(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)要求相符(fu)。